Bulletin Board
HOLIDAYS - 2012

HOLIDAYS	DAY & TIME	CUSTOMS	BANKS	DOCKS
Republic Day	26-1-2012 (Thursday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Id-E Milad	05-2-2012 (Sunday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Maha Shivaratri	20-2-2012 (Monday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Holi	08-3-2012 (Thursday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Gudi Padwa	23-3-2012 (Friday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Mahaveer Jayanti	05-4-2012 (Thursday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Good Friday	06-4-2012 (Friday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Buddha Purnima	06-5-2012 (Sunday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Independence Day	15-8-2012 (Wednesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Idu’l Fitr	20-8-2012 (Monday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Ganesh Chaturthi	19-9-2012 (Wednesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Mahatma Gandhi’s Birthday	02-10-2012 (Tuesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Dussehra	24-10-2012 (Wednesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Diwali (Deepavali)	13-11-2012 (Tuesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Muharram	25-11-2012 (Sunday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Guru Nanak’s Birthday	28-11-2012 (Wednesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Christmas Day	25-12-2012 (Tuesday)	Closed	Closed	Closed

GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Incoterms 1990.

Incoterms are a set of uniform rules codifying the interpretation of trade terms defining the rights and obligations of both buyer and seller in an international transactions, thereby enabling an otherwise complex basis for a sale contract to be accomplished in three letters.

INCOTERMS are designed to arrange for the transfer of responsibility from seller to buyer at a convenient place where goods can be inspected. Hence FOB, CFR (C&F) and CIF arrange for this to occur upon loading on board the vessel. With containers, inspection at shipside is not possible, so that FOB, CFR etc. are inappropriate. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) have, accordingly drafted three Combined Transport equivalents, which they advise to use when availing of Combined Transport services in order to avoid disputes. They are FCA, CPT and CIP which transfer responsibility from seller to buyer at the inland point at which the carrier takes charge of the goods.

INCOTERMS can be divided into recommended usages by mode of carriage. The division recommended by the ICC is: -
All modes (i.e.combined transport)-EXM, FCA, CPT, CIP, DAF, DDU, DDP.
Conventional port-to-port/sea carriage only - FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, DES, DEQ.

The terms set out hereunder are the INCOTERMS 1990: -

EXW	Ex works (named place)
FCA	Free Carrier (named place)
FAS	Free Alongside Ship (named port of Shipment)
FOB	Free on Board (named port of Shipment)
CFR	Cost and Freight (named port of destination)
CIF	Cost, Insurance & Freight (named port of destination)
CPT	Carriage paid to (named point of destination)
CIP	Carriage & Insurance paid to (named point of destination)
DAF	Delivered At Frontier (named point)
DES	Delivered Ex Ship (named port of destination)
DEQ	Delivered Ex Quay (duty paid) (named port of destination)
DDU	Delivered Duty Unpaid (named point)
DDP	Delivered Duty paid (named point)
Abbreviations
ANF	Arrival Notification Form-Advice to the consignee of goods coming forward.
ATA Carnet	Admission Temporaire, (Temporary Admission)-An ATA Carnet makes the customs clearance of certain temporary importation 7 exportation easier.
Athens	Convention International Convention governing carrier's liability for passengers and their luggage.
Ad Valorem	("at value")-an ad valorem freight rate is one where the freight is based on the value of the goods. An ad valorem bill of lading is one where the value of the goods is shown on the face of the document, which value then becomes the carrier's limit of liability, in return for this increased liability the carrier will charge an addition to the sea freight.
BAF	Bunker Adjustment Factor. Freight adjustment factor to reflect current cost of bunkers.
BIMCO	Baltic and International Maritime Council. A Copenhagen based organisation to which many shipowners and brokers belong and that represents their interest and assists by preparing standard charterparties and other shipping documents and provides other advisory services.
B/L	Bill of lading - acts as a receipt for the cargo and contains the terms of the contract of carriage and is a document of title to the goods.
B/L	Ton Bill of lading ton-the greater weight or measurement of goods where 1 ton is either 1000 kilogramme or 1 cubic meter, also called Freight Ton.
Blue Book	Sets out regulations for the carriage of dangerous goods in ships, as required by the Department of Trade for dangerous goods aboard ships in British ports. It largely refers to the IMDG Code (see below)
Bonded warehouse	A place of security approved by the custom authorities for the deposit, keeping and securing of goods liable to excise duty, without payment of this duty.
Box	A colloquial name for a container.
Boxtime	A standard BIMCO time charter for container ships.
Break Bulk Cargo	Goods shipped loose in the vessel's hold and not in containers.
CABAF	Currency and bunker adjustment factor, a combination of CAF and BAF
CAF	Currency adjustment factor -adjusts the freight to reflect currency Exchange fluctuations.
C/B	Container base-one of a group of container freight stations.
C&D	Collect and delivery-carriage from/to customer's premises to/from CFS (see hereunder)
CFR	Cost and Freight - (see above)
Consortium	A group of CTO who agree to rationalise sailing in a trade and carry each others cargo.
DEPS	Departmental Entry Processing System - the current computerised Customs entry processing system to be replaced by CHIEF (see above)
DGN	Dangerous Goods Note.
DOT	Department of Trade-governmental department with responsibility for shipping and trade.
Delivery	Order A document authorising delivery to a nominated party of goods in the care of a third party. This document can be issued by a carrier on surrender of the original bill of lading and then used by the merchant to transfer title by endorsement.
Demurrage	A charge raised for detaining a vessel, cargo or FCL or carrier's containers and/or trailers for a longer period than provided for in the tariff or contract.
Depot	A CFS, (see above)
Detention	A charge raised for detaining cargo, containers or trailers for a longer period than provided for in the tariff.
Documentary Credit	The basis of international trade by means of which payment is made against surrender of specified documents.
Drawback	Repayment of a duty upon re-exportation of goods previously imported.
ECE	Economic Commission for Europe - a UN economic body.
ECU	European Currency Unit - a financial unit used for EEC accounting.
EDI	Electronic Data Interchange - the transfer of structured data from one computer system to another.
EDIFACT	EDI For Administration, Commerce and Transport - an organisation responsible to UN ECE for the development of standard EDI messages for Administration, Commerce and Transport.
EDISHIP	An organisation for exchanging data between carriers and merchants by electronic means.
EDP	Electronic Data Processing - computer processing of data.
EEC	European Economic Community - the European Common Market.
EFTA	European Free Trade Association.
EHA	Equipment Handover - Agreement - acknowledging the condition of the carrier's equipment when taking over and returning it, incorporating contractual terms under which the equipment is taken over.
ESC	European National Shippers Councils.
ETA	Estimated Time of Arrival - Indicates the estimation of the data/hour, the carrier believes the cargo, vessel or container will arrive at a nominated point/ port.
ETC	Electronic Data Credits - an idea being developed by the EDI Banking Interest section to facilitate an EDI alternative to documentary credits.
CFS	Container Freight Station - a place for the packing and unpacking of LCL consignments. Sometimes known as C/B in the U.K.; Depots in other parts of the world; and ICD in the U.K. and the Indian subcontinent.
CHIEF	Customs Handling of import and Exports Freight - a customs computer system developed to replace DEPS (see hereunder).
CIF	Cost, Insurance and Freight - (see above)
CIM	Convention International concernant le transport des Marchandise par chemin de fer-International Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Rail.
CIP	See above under Incoterms.
CMI	Comite Maritime International - an International committee of maritime lawyers.
CMR	Convention relative au contrat de transport international des Marchandise par Route-international Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Road.
COGSA	Carriage of Goods by Sea Act - in the U.K. the 1971 version incorporating the Hague - Visby Rules.
COT	Customer's Own Transport - i.e. the customer collects the cargo from or delivers it to the CFS/CY.
COU	Clip On Unit - a portable refrigeration unit.
CPT	Carriage Paid To - a new combined transport Incoterm replacing CFR where CT is involved but applicable to all modes of transport, it used to be DCP. Particularly appropriate for combined transport.
CRN	Custom Register Number - replaced CAN (custom assigned Number) in October 1981.It is the number allocated by the C&E (see above) to an exporter or agent or freight forwarder fir use when exports are to be entered under the SCP (see hereunder)
CSC	Container Safety Convention.
CT	Combined Transport - carriage by more than one mode of transport under one contract of carriage.
CTD	Combined Transport Document - the CTO (see below) bill of lading.
CTO	Combined Transport Operator - a carrier who contracts as a principal to perform a CT (see above) operation.
CY	Container Yard - collection and distribution point for FCL (see below) containers.
Certificate of Origin	A document certifying the country of origin of goods which is normally issued or signed by a Chamber of Commerce or Embassy.
Cellular	A term used to describe the hold configuration of purpose built container ships equipped with cell guides into which the containers fit.
Closing Date	Last date for which goods can be accepted for a nominated sailing.
Conference	An organisation of a group of shipping lines operating in one trade who have agreed to operate a common tariff.
ETD	Estimated Time of Departure (see ETA)
FAK	Freight All Kinds - a system whereby freight is charged per container, irrespective of nature of goods and not according to tariff.
FCL	Full Container Load - an arrangement whereby the shipper utilises all the space in a container which he packs himself. "FCL door (or house)/LCL depot" would describe a movement where a haulier, who was the sub --contractor of the carrier, took an empty container to a shipper's premises for packing by the shipper and then to haul the loaded container back to the container yard. At the importing end, the loaded container would then be unpacked at the CTO's depot by the sub-contractor of the carrier, who would effect delivery to the consignee's premises."FCL port (or pier)/ FCL depot" is when the carrier receives from the shipper at the vessel's side a container packed by the shipper and delivers same to the consignee at the importing depot for the consignee to take it to his premises for unpacking and subsequent return of the empty container to carrier's depot.
FFI	For Further Instruction - used in the "delivery" box of a bill of lading when final destination is still uncertain at time of shipment / booking.
FMC	Federal Maritime Commission - US Federal Authority governing sea transport.
FOB	Free On Board - a conventional port - to port INCOTERM term of sale (see above)
Feeder Vessel	A short-sea vessel used to fetch and carry goods and containers to and from deep-sea ports/vessels.
Freight	The amount of money payable for the carriage of goods. Sometimes erroneously used to describe the goods which are more correctly described as "cargo" in marine transportation.
Freight	Ton The weight/volume on which freight is charged.
GA	General Average.
GATT	General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - an international multilateral agreement embodying a code of practice for fair trading in international commerce with headquarters in Geneva.
GCA	Gold Clause Agreement - an agreement relating to the interpretation of COGSA 1924 and the Hague Rules between certain insurers, cargo interest and British shipowners, agreed in 1950 but abandoned on the 31st May 1988.
Groupage	Consolidation of several LCL consignments into a container.
H/L	Heavy Lift.
Hague Rules	The 1924 International Convention on Carriage of Goods by Sea.
Hague-Visby Rules	The 1968 Revision of the Hague-Rules.
Hamburg Rules	The 1978 UNCTAD revision of the Hague - Rules.
House or Door	A movement starting or finishing at the customer's premises. Thus ,"House/House" or "Door/Door" starts at the shippers premises and ends at the consignee's premises.
IMDG Code	International Maritime Dangerous Goods code - contains the IMO recommendations for the carriage of dangerous goods by sea.
IMO	International Maritime Organisation - a UN body charged with the duty of making safety and anti-pollution conventions and recommendations concerning sea transport.
ISO	International standards Organisation - a body responsible for, inter alia, setting standards for container construction.
Inherent Vice	Those properties of certain goods which lead to their arrival in damaged condition without accident or negligence, for example unprotected steel will "weather", bales of rubber stick together, copra is almost invariably infested by copra bugs.
L/C	Letter of Credit - a document in which the terms of documentary credit transactions are set out.
LCL	Less than Container Load - when a parcel is too small to fill a container which is grouped by the carrier at a CFS with other compatible goods for the same destination. "LCL door/LCL depot" is effected when the carrier collects the cargo from the shipper, takes it to his depot for groupage and delivers to the consignee at the import depot.
L/I	Letter of Indemnity-sometimes also called a letter of guarantee, it allows the consignee to take delivery of his goods without the surrendering of the original bill of lading which has been delayed or become lost.
LLMC	International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims - a 1976 limitation convention enacted in the UK by the Merchant Shipping Act 1979.
LO-LO	Lift On Lift Off - a containership onto which and from which containers are lifted by crane (as opposed to RoRo).
Liner	A vessel plying a regular pattern of a trade on a defined route under a published sailing schedule.
Liner Terms	Freight payable which includes the cost of loading and unloading
MMO	Multi Modal Operator.
Manifest	List of goods or passengers on a vessel.
Measurement Ton	1 cubic meter-one of the alternative bases of a freight tariff.
M/R	Mate's Receipt - a receipt given to the party that delivers the cargo to the ship. The M/R states quantity and condition of the cargo and where it was stowed.
NVOC( C)	Non vessel Operating (Common) Carrier - a carrier issuing bills of lading for carriage of goods on vessels which he neither owns nor operates.
Notify Party	The party to whom the ANF (see above) is sent.
NYPE	The New York Produce Exchange charterparty - the most commonly used form of hire contract for vessels.
O/H	Overheight - a container with goods protruding above the top of the corner posts.
OOG	Out of Gauge - goods whose dimensions exceed those of the container in which they are packed.
O/W	Overwidth - a container with goods protruding beyond the sides of the container/flat rack onto which they are packed.
P&I Club	Protection and Indemnity Association - the carrier's mutual liability insurer.
POA	Place of Acceptance - the place where the goods are received for shipment or transit and where the carrier's liability commences. Now more usually called POR (see below)
POD	Place of Delivery - the place where the goods are delivered and carrier's liability ends. It can also mean Proof of Delivery and then it means a signed receipt acknowledging delivery.
Poincare France	A fictitious gold franc - originally used amongst other things to assess the carriers liability in an inflation proofed manner under the Hague-Visby Rules, now replaced by the SDR (see hereunder)
Port or Pier	A movement starting or finishing at the vessel's side, as in the times of break bulk cargoes, so that the inland movement prior and subsequent to sea carriage is effected by the merchant.It is possible to encounter movements involving more than one of these mentioned. Thus, "door (or house) / depot" would describe a movement starting at the shipper's premises and ending at the CFS. Once the details in respect of LCL or FCL are added to the bill of lading a full picture of the type of movement contemplated by the shippers is possible.
Principal Carrier	The carrier who issues the CTD, regardless of whether or not the goods are carried on his own, a third party's or a consortium member's vessel.
RN	Release Note - a receipt signed by the customer with the acknowledgement of delivery of his goods.
Ro - Ro	A ferry type vessel, onto which goods and containers can be driven usually via a ramp.
Reefer	A refrigerated vessel or container.
SDR	Special Drawing Rights - means of a basket of currencies designed to "iron out" currency exchange fluctuations in international valuations, now used to express the limitation under the Hague- Visby Rules and the MSA Limitation Convention.
SOB	Shipped On Board - an endorsement on the " received for shipment" bill of lading confirming that the goods have been loaded on board.
Shipper	The person who tenders the goods for the carriage, not to be confused with the party issuing the bill of lading or the vessel's operator who is the carrier.
Shut-out	Goods not carried on the intended vessel.
Slot	The space on board a vessel occupied by a container.
Straight bill of lading	A peculiar American term for a negotiable bill of lading, like a " waybill", governed by the Us pommerene Act.
Stuffing / Stripping	The action performed when packing or unpacking a container.
TEU	Twenty - Foot Equivalent Unit - i.e. 1x 20ft = 1TEU , 1x40ft = 2 TEU.
THC	Terminal Handling Charge - a charge for handling container at the ocean terminals.
TIR	Transport International Routiers - system involving the issue of a carnet to road hauliers which allows loaded vehicles to cross national frontiers with minimum customs formalities.
TTD	The TTD is a contract of carriage involving more than one carrier. The carrier who issues the TTD acts as the principal only during the carriage on his own vessel and as agent at all other times. Therefore, the liabilities and responsibilities are spread over several carriers and the merchant is in contract with different carriers under different and most probably unknown conditions at different stages of the carriage.
TTO	Through Transport Operator - a carrier who contracts to carry goods (only part of the carriage he undertakes to perform himself) on the basis that he is the principal whilst the goods are in his custody and care and an agent only whilst they are not.
Tariff	The terms and conditions and scale of charges - in the US trade the tariff must be notified in advance to the FMC (see above)
Terminal	The port or depot at which containers are loaded or unloaded onto or from container vessels, railways or trucks.
UCP	Uniform Customs and Practice of Documentary Credits - the banker's "bible" on documentary credit interpretation issued by the ICC.
UNCITRAL	United Nations Commission on International Trade Law.
UNCON	Uncontainerable Goods - see as well Breakbulk, goods which because of their dimension cannot be containerised and which are therefore carried "breakbulk".
UNCTAD	United Nations Commission on International Trade Law.
UNCON	Uncontainerable Goods - see as well Breakbulk, goods which because of their dimension cannot be containerised and which are therefore carried "breakbulk".
UNCTAD	United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
UNCTAD	MMO UNCTAD Multi Modal Transport Convention.
Vienna Convention	A 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods which came into force on 1st January 1988.
Waybill.	A bill of lading that acts as receipt for the goods and evidence of the contract of carriage. A waybill is a bill of lading that is not a document and can thus be defined as follows:-
	A waybill is a receipt for goods; A waybill is evidence of the contract; A waybill is a non-negotiable document.
	Under a waybill delivery will be effected to a nominated consignee upon proof of identity. As a title it presents a personal contract between the shipper and the carrier only. There is (at present) no mandatory law or convention and the parties have absolute freedom of contract.

1)
Standard 20'

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
19'4"	7'8"	7'10"	7'8"	7'6"	1,172 Cft	4,916 Lbs	47,900 Lbs
5.900m	2.350m	2.393m	2.342m	2.280m	33.2 Cu.m	2,230 Kgs	21,770 Kgs

Standard 40'

39'5"	7'8"	7'10"	7'8"	7'6"	2,390 Cft	8,160 Lbs	59,040 Lbs
12.036m	2.350m	2.392m	2.340m	2.280m	67.7 Cu.m	3,700 Kgs	26,780 Kgs

2)
Upgraded 20'

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
19'4"	7' 7"	7'10"	7' 6"	7'6"	1,150 Cft	5,060 Lbs	61,996 Lbs
5.900m	2.311m	2.390m	2.286m	2.280m	32.63 Cu.m	2,300 Kgs	28,180 Kgs

High Cube 40'

39'5"	7'8"	8'10"	7'8"	8'5"	2,694 Cft	8,750 Lbs	58,450 Lbs
12.036m	2.350m	2.697m	2.338m	2.585m	76.3 Cu.m	3,970 Kgs	26,510 Kgs

3)
Reefer 20'

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
17'8"	7'5"	7'5"	7'5"	7'3"	1,000 Cft	7,040 Lbs	45,760 Lbs
5.425m	2.275m	2.260m	2.258m	2.216m	28.3 Cu.m	3,200 Kgs	20,800 Kgs

Reefer 40'

37'8"	7'5"	7'2"	7'5"	7'0"	2,040 Cft	10,780 Lbs	56,276 Lbs
11.493m	2.270m	2.197m	2.282m	2.155m	57.8 Cu.m	4,900 Kgs	25,580 Kgs

Reefer 40' High Cube

37'11"	7'6"	8'2"	7'6"	8'0"	2,344 Cft	9,900 Lbs	25,561 Lbs
11.557m	2.294m	2.500m	2.294m	2.440m	66.6 Cu.m	4,500 Kgs	25,980 Kgs

Open Top 20" (Upgraded also available)

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
19'4"	7'7"	7'8"	7'6"	7'2"	1,136 Cft	5,280 Lbs	47,620 Lbs
5.894 m	2.311m	2.354m	2.286m	2.184m	32.23 Cu.m	2,400 Kgs	21,600 Kgs

Copen Top 40"

39'5"	7'8"	7'8"	7'8"	7'5"	2,350 Cft	8,490 Lbs	58,710 Lbs
12.028 m	2.350m	2.354m	2.341m	2.274m	65.5 Cu.m	3,850 Kgs	26,630 Kgs

Flat Rack 20" 

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
18'5"	7'3"	7'4"	-	-	-	5,578 Lbs	47,333 Lbs
5.620 m	2.200m	2.233m	-	-	-	2,530 Kgs	21,470 Kgs

Flat Rack 40"

39'7"	6'10"	6'5"	7'8"	-	-	12,081Lbs	85,800 Lbs
12.080 m	2.438m	2.103m	-	-	-	5,480 Kgs	39,000 Kgs

Flat Rack Collapsible 20"

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
18'6"	7'3"	7'4"	-	-	-	6,061 Lbs	61,117 Lbs
5.618 m	2.208m	2.233m	-	-	-	2,750 Kgs	27,730 Kgs

Flat Rack Collapsible 40" (Stak Bed)

39'7"	6'10"	6'5"	-	-	-	12,787Lbs	85,800 Lbs
12.080 m	2.126 m	2.043 m	2.341m	2.274m	65.5 Cu.m	5,800 Kgs	39,000 Kgs

Platform 20"

INSIDELENGTH	INSIDE WIDTH	INSIDE HEIGHT	DOOR WIDTH	DOOR HEIGHT	CAPACITY	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
19'11"	8'00"	7'04"	-	-	-	6,061 Lbs	52,896 Lbs
6.058 m	2.438m	2.233m	2.286m	2.184m	32.23 Cu.m	2,750 Kgs	24,000 Kgs

Platform 40"

40'00"	8'00"	6'5"	-	-	-	12,783Lbs	86,397 Lbs
12.18 m	2.40 m	1.95 m	-	-	-	5,800 Kgs	39,200 Kgs

Chasssis 33" Tri-Axle

LENGTH	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
OVERALL EXTENDED 41'3"	10,900 Lbs	44,500 Lbs"
Lunghezza massima 12,60 m	4.950 kg	20.185 kg"

Chasssis 33" Tri-Axle

LENGTH	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
OVERALL EXTENDED 40"	6,500 Lbs	44,500 Lbs"
Lunghezza massima 12,20 m	2.950 kg	20.185 kg"

Chasssis 23,5"

LENGTH	TARE WEIGHT	MAXI CARGO
OVERALL UNEXTENDED 23'6"	6,600 Lbs	35,500 Lbs"
		39,500 Lbs"
Lungh, massima non esteso 7,20 m	2.995 kg	20.185 kg"
Lungh, massima non esteso 8,30 m		17.920 Lbs"

Important Note : the average specifications below are given as an indicator only. Great variations can be found between series and makes. Should a client have a specific requirement, his trucker will be responsible to insure that the container he is picking up fits this requirement.

ACRONYMS FOR SMS, CHAT & E-MAIL

AFIAK: As Far As I Know	GMTA: Great Minds Think Alike
NP: No Problem	AKA: Also Know As
HTH: Hope This (That) Helps	NRG: Energy
AMBW: All My Best Wishes	IAE: In Any Event.
NRN: No Reply Necessary.	ASAP: As Soon As Possible.
IC: In Character	OIC: Oh, I See
ASL: Age / Sex / Location	IDKY: I Don't Know You
OTOH: On The Other Hand	BIF: Basic In Fact
IDST: I Don't Say That	PLS: Please
BTW: By The Way	IDTS: I Don't Think So
POV: Point Of View	CID: Consider It Done
IMHO: In My Humble Opinion	TIA: Thanks In Advance
IMNSHO: In My Not So Humble Opinion	CIO: Check It Out
IMO: In My Opinion	FWIW: For What It's Worth
FYA: For Your Amusement	TX: Thanks
FYIG: For Your Information Grin	TYVM: Thank You Very Much
IRL: In Real Life	WG: Wild Guess
KIT: Keep In Touch	WYS: Whatever You Say
GL: Good Luck	L8R:Later
WYT: Whatever You Think

EMOTICONS : A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE

Emoticons are the universal language of the Internet ; they are punctuation symbols used to communicate a human emotion. The big benefit is that there are no language barriers.

:)	Happy	^5	Hi -fi	>:-<	Angry	:@	What?
:(	Sad	^	Thumbs up	:-@	Screaming	:O	Shocked
:-D	Laughing	:-(	Frowning	:-V	Shouting	:-/	Skeptical
:^D	Great ! I like it	:'	Crying	:-\	Undecided	\-0	Bored
:-o	Wow!	:-|	Grim	:~/	Mixed up	:-*	Oops!

INTERNATIONAL SPELLING CODES MAKES CALLING EASIER
A-	Alpha	J-	Juliet	S-	Siera
B-	Bravo	K-	Kilo	T-	Tango
C-	Charlie	L-	Lima	U-	Uniform
D-	Delta	M-	Mike	V-	Victor
E-	Echo	N-	November	W-	Whisky
F-	Foxtrot	O-	Oscar	X-	X-ray
G-	Golf	P-	Papa	Y-	Yankee
H-	Hotel	Q-	Quebec	Z-	Zulu
I-	India	R-	Romeo

WORLD TIME +OR-IST (Indian Standard Time)
Western Europe		Australia		Ireland	-5^1/2
Austria, Belgium		Victoria	+4^1/2	Israel	-3^1/2
Denmark, France		South Australia	+4	Japan	+3^1/2
Germany, Italy, Spain, Luxembourg, Malta,  Netherlands	-4^1/2	Western Australia Argentina	+2^1/2-8^1/2	New Zealand	+6^1/2
				Pakistan	-^1/2
				Portugal	-5^1/2
				Singapore	+2^1/2
USA & Canada		Bangladesh	+^1/2	Sri Lanka	+1^1/2
Eastern	-10^1/2	Bulgaria	-3^1/2	Sweden	-4^1/2
Central	-11^1/2	Chile	-9^1/2	Switzerland	-4^1/2
Mountain	-12^1/2	China	+2^1/2	Taiwan	+2^1/2
Pacific	-13^1/2	Colombia	-10^1/2	U.A.E	-1^1/2
Soviet Union		Finland	-3^1/2	UK	-5^1/2
Moscow	-2^1/2	Hong Kong	+2^1/2	Zimbabwe	-3^1/2
Vladivostok	+4^1/2	India	IST
Certain Countries observe Summer Time (Daylight Saving Time) Between late March and late October, when the clock is moved forward, usually by an hour.

IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS

New Customs House Mumbai (Old Port)	2658231 / 2653242
Chief Commissioner of Customs	2620091
Commissioner of Customs- Fax	Fax-2614952 / 2612474
CIU	2610230 / 2710958
Asst. Drug Controller SEA	2611596 Fax-2634550
MBPT - Board	2614321
Direct Internal Dial (DID)	2618175 / 76 / 77 Fax-2611011 / 2615060
Colaba to Mazagaon	2618011 / 2614321
Mazagaon to Wadala	4145100
CFS Mulund	5602641 / 5616327 5692116
MSWC Taloja	7412908
CWC Vashi	7664089 / 7665112
Reg. Office CWC	2051280 / 2051427
MSWC Bhosri / Pune	020-791310
CONCOR	2623725 / 2622053
CONCOR CFS Mulund (West)	5617870
CONCOR CFS Mulund (East)	5911690 / 5/ 6/ 7
Air Cargo Complex - Customs	8221654 / 8328800 Fax-8326016
A.A.I.	8366700
Asst. Drug Controller AIR	8320152
Air Port Customs (Sahar)	8366700 / 8320250

JNPT / NHAVA SHEVA

JNPT (PUB)-(HALL) Fax- 7241484	7341732 / 33 7241485 / 86
Commissioner of Customs JNPT	7242401 / 7242393
Customs	7242532 / 7242914 Fax- 7242517
Customs Control Room	7242405
A.C. (Docks)- CFS	7242410
CFS (NPIL)	7241103 / 04
CFS Export	7242914
CFS (Mearsk)JNPT	7242453 Fax-7242250/7242518/19

DRONAGIRI

CFS (CWC)	7242389 / 390
CFS (CWC)	7242131 / 132
Export	7242531
DEPB	7242133
CFS	7242149 / 7242516
CONCOR	7242879 /435
Gateway Distriparks	7240520 to 26 Fax- 7241854

NCIST (NHAVA SHEVA)

JNP Office	7240418 / 24 Fax- 7240428 / 29
Mumbai Office	2610570 / 90 Fax-2621405
JNPT Port Office	7242623 to 32 (10 Lines) Fax- 7242325
Mumbai Office	2842733 / 208618 Fax- 2045311

CONTAINER TERMINAL JNPT

Senior Manager	7242369
Manager	7242377
Dy. Manager	7242373 / 364
Asst. Manager	7242361
Shift Incharge	7242651
PS to Chairman	7242335
PS to Dy. Chairman	7242219
Chief Manager Operation	7242218
Senior Dock Master	7242334
Chief Manager (Admn.)	7242233
Port Control Room	7242367 / 378

MCGM

B.M.C. H. O.	2620226 / 2620251
Octroi Main	2611080 / 2619422
E.P. Form	2618801 /2 /3 /4
Eastern Express Highway	5423431
Dahisar	8962598

JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max	min	max
Amsterdam	-4	4	-5	3	2	12	5	15	7	17	10	20	10	20	12	23	10	20	5	15	1	10	-1	4
Athens	6	12	6	12	8	16	11	19	16	25	19	29	22	32	22	32	19	28	16	23	11	18	8	14
Bahrain	13	19	14	19	17	23	21	27	25	32	28	34	29	36	30	36	28	34	24	31	20	26	15	21
Cairo	8	20	9	22	11	25	14	29	17	33	20	35	22	36	22	35	20	33	18	31	14	26	10	20
Calcutta	13	27	16	29	21	34	24	36	26	36	26	33	26	32	26	32	26	32	24	32	18	29	13	26
Chennai	20	30	20	31	22	33	26	35	28	39	27	38	26	36	26	35	25	34	24	32	22	30	21	29
Colombo	22	30	22	30	23	31	24	61	25	31	25	30	25	29	25	29	25	30	24	29	23	29	22	30
Copenhagen	-2	2	-3	2	-1	5	3	10	8	16	11	20	14	22	14	21	11	18	7	12	3	7	1	4
Dubai	13	23	14	24	17	28	19	31	22	34	25	36	28	39	28	38	25	37	21	24	17	30	14	26
Frankfurt	-10	9	-8	10	-4	17	0	24	3	27	7	30	8	32	8	31	5	27	0	22	-3	14	-8	10
Geneva	-3	5	-6	6	3	9	7	13	10	17	15	17	16	24	16	23	11	19	6	13	3	8	-2	6
Hongkong	13	17	12	16	15	19	19	23	22	27	25	29	25	30	25	30	25	29	22	27	18	23	14	19
Kuala Lumpur	22	31	23	32	23	33	23	33	23	32	23	31	23	32	23	32	23	31	23	31	23	31	23	31
Lisbon	8	13	8	14	9	16	11	18	13	21	16	24	17	26	18	27	17	24	14	21	11	17	8	14
London	2	6	2	7	3	10	5	13	8	17	11	20	13	22	13	21	11	19	8	14	5	10	3	7
Madrid	1	9	1	12	3	16	6	19	9	24	13	29	16	34	16	33	13	28	8	20	4	14	1	9
Manila	21	27	22	27	24	29	24	31	25	31	25	31	23	29	24	28	25	28	24	29	22	28	22	27
Mauritius	22	28	22	29	22	29	21	28	19	25	18	24	17	23	17	23	17	24	18	25	19	27	21	28
Mexico city	6	22	15	23	17	25	18	27	18	27	18	27	18	27	18	26	18	26	18	25	14	25	8	23
Moscow	-13	-6	-12	-5	-8	0	0	8	7	18	11	23	13	24	11	22	6	16	1	8	-5	0	-11	-5
Munich	-6	1	-5	3	-2	9	3	14	7	18	10	21	12	23	11	23	8	20	4	13	0	7	-4	2
Mumbai	19	28	19	28	22	30	24	32	27	33	26	32	25	30	25	30	24	30	24	32	23	32	20	30
Nairobi	12	25	13	26	14	25	14	24	13	22	12	21	11	21	11	21	11	24	13	24	13	23	13	23
New Delhi	6	21	10	24	14	29	20	36	26	40	28	39	27	35	26	34	24	34	18	34	11	28	7	23
New York	-2	4	-3	4	1	9	6	15	12	22	17	27	21	29	20	28	16	21	11	19	5	12	-2	6
Paris	1	7	1	7	2	12	5	16	8	19	12	22	14	24	13	24	11	21	7	16	4	10	1	6
Rome	4	11	5	13	7	16	10	19	13	23	17	28	20	31	20	31	17	27	13	21	9	16	5	12
San Francisco	6	13	6	14	7	17	8	18	10	19	11	21	12	22	12	22	12	23	11	22	8	18	6	14
Seoul	0	7	1	6	1	8	6	16	12	22	16	25	18	31	16	30	9	28	3	24	7	19	1	8
Singapore	23	30	23	30	24	31	24	31	24	30	25	30	25	30	25	30	24	30	24	30	24	30	23	30
Stockholm	-9	-5	-9	-6	-4	2	1	8	6	15	11	19	14	22	13	20	9	15	5	9	1	4	-2	2
Sydney	20	30	20	30	18	26	16	23	12	20	5	17	8	16	9	17	11	20	13	22	16	26	20	30
Tehran	0	5	5	8	10	15	15	18	20	25	28	30	36	38	38	40	29	30	18	20	9	12	-5	0
Tokyo	0	9	0	10	3	13	9	18	14	23	18	25	22	29	23	31	20	27	13	21	8	16	2	12
Toronto	-8	-1	-8	-1	-4	4	-2	11	-8	18	13	24	16	27	16	26	12	22	6	14	-1	17	-5	1
Vienna	-2	1	-1	3	1	8	5	14	10	19	13	22	15	24	14	23	11	19	7	13	2	7	1	3
Zurich	-11	9	-8	15	-7	18	-1	21	2	27	6	30	10	31	8	25	5	23	3	22	0	19	-11	8

International Air Distances
(IN KM)				TOKYO	TEHRAN	SYDNEY	SINGAPORE	SAN FRANCISCO	ROME	RIO DE JANEIRO	PARIS	NEW YORK	MOSCOW	MEXICO CITY	MADRID	LONDON	KARACHI	JOHAN NESBURG	JAKARTA	DELHI
AMSTERDAM				9651	4714	17020	10720	8998	1302	9568	420	5856	2140	9214	1463	370	5985	9030	11616	7055
DELHI				6651	2549	10451	4154	15643	5921	15501	6746	12514	4358	15871	7266	6952	1070	8354	5050
JAKARTA				5776	7652	5501	896	14062	10955	20543	11796	16766	9408	17094	12316	12002	5631	12257
JOHANNESBURG				14633	8368	12233	11360	17799	7728	7147	8835	13069	9186	14946	8652	9164	7283
KARACHI				7722	1924	11035	4735	14969	5322	14431	6132	11899	4197	15199	6829	6338
LONDON				10017	4405	17373	11072	8636	1436	9382	336	5562	2506	8919	1231		2173	ATHENS
MADRID				10924	4822	17864	11563	9867	1345	8150	1044	5774	3413	9131		1997	586	BERLIN
MEXICO CITY				11319	13656	13049	16699	3050	10245	7538	9196	3357	10895		641	2094	158	BRUSSELS
MOSCOW				7511	2471	14809	8512	11142	2375	11560	2467	7538		755	354	2140	632	COPENHAGEN
NEW YORK				10990	10299	16119	16370	4139	6988	7751	5839		679	306	433	1807	367	FRANKFURT
PARIS				9978	4520	17167	10866	8972	1107	9168		1081	1075	872	1429	2887	715	GLASGOW
RIO DE JANEIRO				18741	12525	19380	18507	10881	9184		2116	1875	2474	1719	2308	2852	1849	LISBON
ROME				9886	3413	16357	10057	10071		1555	562	644	983	340	951	2401	370	LONDON
SAN FRANCISCO				8287	13487	12030	13667		1231	513	1793	1423	2062	1316	1856	2361	1463	MADRID
SINGAPORE				2380	6755	6301		1495	264	1819	298	834	995	536	1075	2630	489	MANCHESTER
SYDNEY				7769	12980		2535	3413	2505	3891	2615	2016	1540	2226	1595	2300	2140	MOSCOW
TEHRAN				9195		2467	599	1044	336	1452	698	465	1025	274	874	2099	420	PARIS
					869	1661	1194	1751	1036	2237	1419	407	624	698	272	1550	705	PRAGUE
				935	1170	2375	1699	1345	1436	1854	1997	962	1537	1181	1207	1057	1302	ROME
			2037	1102	1550	1223	1529	2594	1461	3001	1609	1213	534	1289	830	2503	1143	STOCKHOLM
	1365		776	277	1004	1651	1447	1500	1262	2174	1672	620	877	924	534	1276	958	VIENNA
550	838		1321	521	1359	1141	1590	2272	1465	2760	1741	896	666	1147	515	1664	1101	WARSAW
VIENNA		STOCKHOLM	ROME	PRAGUE	PARIS	MOSCOW	MANCHESTER	MADRID	LONDON	LESBON	GLASGOW	FRANKFURT	COPENHAGEN	BRUSSELS	BERLIN	ATHENS	AMSTERDAM	(IN KM)

IN Km	AHMEDABAD	BANGALORE	BHUBANESHWAR	MUMBAI	CALCUTTA	CHANDIGARH	COCHIN	DELHI	HYDERABAD	INDORE	JAIPUR	KANPUR	LUCKNOW	CHENNAI	NAGPUR	NASIK	PANJIM	PATNA	PONDICHERY	PUNE
AGARTALA	3305	3824	2286	3593	1863	2998	4304	2708	3330	2891	2801	2281	2252	3493	2696	3365	3507	1681	3661	3442
AGRA	878	1848	1578	1202	1300	448	2278	200	1246	591	230	290	369	2048	770	1005	1715	885	2210	1214
AHMEDABAD		1490	1697	552	2068	1157	1845	911	1436	442	648	1168	1247	1821	965	504	1165	1656	1818	664
ALLAHABAD	1251	1686	1090	1457	817	912	2216	650	1084	803	713	193	234	2011	608	1155	1419	402	1077	1364
AMRITSAR	1356	2496	2224	1849	1919	239	3163	445	1892	1258	706	926	939	2688	1416	1665	2237	1531	2856	1862
ASSANSOL	1842	2187	523	2040	226	1503	2544	1262	1693	1394	1304	789	825	1857	1122	1746	2300	395	2024	1955
BANGALORE	1490		1538	1013	1961	2296	512	2049	563	1601	2005	1855	1934	331	1078	1035	440	2071	328	826
BARODA	119	1408	1604	433	1937	1181	1763	1151	1127	379	789	1230	1311	1739	774	457	1158	1582	1735	545
BHOPAL	523	1148	1162	778	1495	988	1995	742	808	191	596	585	664	1604	352	605	1143	1016	1772	814
BHUBANESHWAR	1647	1538		1679	423	2026	1895	1713	1044	1355	1758	1283	1254	1207	830	1516	1455	862	1375	1587
MUMBAI	552	1013	1678		2012	1645	1368	1404	729	589	1148	1278	1366	1344	849	197	584	1856	1452	184
CALCUTTA	2068	1461	423	2012		1721	2318	1474	1467	1620	1530	1010	1089	1160	1163	1849	974	621	1798	2058
CALICUT	1648	520	1923	1171	2346	2741	222	2494	910	1998	2523	2260	2339	715	1483	1193	576	2476	566	984
CHANDIGARH	1157	2296	2026	1645	1721		1965	248	1693	1052	507	661	740	2489	1217	1466	2028	1332	2657	1663
COCHIN	1845	512	1895	1368	2318	1965		2718	1090	1804	2745	2385	2572	687	1608	1390	798	2601	530	1181
COIMBATORE	1669	333	1633	1192	2057	2669	195	2412	912	1964	2369	2218	2297	426	1441	1214	800	2434	410	1005
DELHI	911	2049	1713	1404	1474	248	2718		1447	806	263	481	499	2243	971	1220	1782	1086	2411	1417
GWALIOR	919	1734	1486	1085	1224	462	1881	315	1132	497	351	280	359	1928	656	891	1467	809	2096	1100
HUBLI	1101	391	1620	614	2032	2101	774	1854	486	1060	1060	1772	1851	683	995	646	190	1998	653	437
HYDERABAD	1436	563	1044	729	1467	1693	1090	1447		999	1404	1253	1332	699	476	754	765	1469	865	545
IMPHAL	3240	3677	2139	3446	1717	2851	4156	2561	3283	2744	2654	2134	2105	3326	2549	3218	3560	1534	3614	3295
INDORE	442	1601	1355	589	1620	1052	1804	806	999		405	686	768	1795	445	414	1115	1205	1963	623
JABALPUR	901	1335	1087	1143	1167	1046	1885	800	733	589	845	543	584	1529	257	943	1088	736	1697	1003
JAIPUR	648	2005	1758	1148	1530	507	2745	263	1404	405		517	598	2200	928	1248	2496	1115	2368	1371
JAMSHEDPUR	1225	1690	422	1916	268	1602	2710	1356	1578	1477	1387	867	1121	1629	1102	1788	2229	473	1797	1997
JALANDAR	1285	2416	2413	1778	1869	154	3082	375	1821	1171	891	855	868	2617	1354	1591	2146	1460	2785	1791
KANPUR	1168	1855	1283	1278	1010	661	2385	481	1253	689	517		79	2049	777	1103	1813	596	2217	1312
KOLHAPUR	911	484	1622	426	2045	1910	934	1664	578	870	1518	1779	1858	910	1050	456	254	2047	907	247
LUCKNOW	1247	1934	1254	1366	1089	740	2572	499	1332	768	598	79		2128	856	1182	1883	566	2296	1391
LUDHIANA	1220	2358	2088	1770	1783	105	3027	310	1756	1115	570	790	803	2552	1280	1528	2091	1395	2720	1726
CHENNAI	1821	331	1207	1344	1630	2489	687	2243	699	1795	2200	2049	2128		1272	1366	909	2096	168	1157
MADURAI	1922	432	1687	1458	2110	2785	326	2539	995	2091	2496	2345	2424	480	1568	1467	872	2561	333	1238
MEERUT	1092	2072	1822	1468	1497	381	2741	66	1470	815	327	537	453	2266	994	1242	1805	934	2434	1440
NAGPUR	965	1078	830	849	1163	1217	1608	971	476	445	928	777	856	1272	-	700	1247	993	1440	909
NASIK	504	1036	1516	197	1849	1466	1390	1220	754	414	1246	1103	1182	1366	700	-	701	1679	1363	209
PANJIM	1165	440	1455	584	974	2028	798	1782	765	1115	2496	1813	1883	909	1247	701	-	1804	739	501
PATNA	1656	2071	862	1856	621	1332	2601	1086	1489	1205	1115	595	566	2096	993	1679	1804	-	2264	1738
PONDICHERY	1818	328	1375	1452	1798	2657	530	2411	867	1963	2368	2217	2296	168	1440	1363	739	2264	-	1154
PUNE	664	826	1587	184	2058	1663	1181	1417	545	623	1371	1312	1391	1157	909	209	501	1738	1154	-
RANCHI	1781	2098	560	1816	414	1480	2455	1214	1434	1333	1243	723	912	1767	958	1615	1630	302	1935	1675
SHILLONG	2839	3242	1640	3011	1218	2416	3599	2126	1309	2309	2229	1699	1670	2911	2114	2800	2925	1019	3079	2860
SHIMLA	1256	2395	2127	1753	1839	99	3056	365	1812	1171	636	846	659	2588	1336	1567	2130	1434	2759	1782
SURAT	263	1264	1579	301	1912	1325	1593	1182	983	607	932	1296	1375	1695	749	262	913	1742	1789	412
TRIVANDRUM	2197	696	1953	1376	2376	3051	218	1950	1261	2156	2782	2611	2690	748	1834	1742	792	2827	622	1533
VARANASI	1373	1791	968	1597	695	1032	2331	745	1189	925	835	315	286	1985	713	1399	1524	280	2153	1459
VIJAYWADA	1705	637	775	973	1198	1959	1174	1716	269	1255	1660	1519	1598	432	742	1428	876	1664	598	842
VISHAKAPATANAM	1815	1093	445	1754	868	2127	1449	1881	599	1433	1838	1687	1765	762	910	1596	1206	1334	930	1658

CONVERSION TABLES
Length			Mass Weight
Centimeters (cm)	Cm Or  Inches	Inches (in)	Kilo-Grams  (kg)	Kg Or lb	pounds (lb)
2.54	1	0.394	0.454	1	2.205
5.08	2	0.787	0.907	2	4.409
7.62	3	1.181	1.361	3	6.614
10.16	4	1.575	1.814	4	8.819
12.70	5	1.969	2.268	5	11.023
15.24	6	2.362	2.722	6	13.228
17.78	7	2.756	3.175	7	15.432
20.32	8	3.150	3.629	8	17.637
22.86	9	3.543	4.082	9	19.842
25.40	10	3.937	4.536	10	22.046
50.80	20	7.874	9.072	20	44.092
76.20	30	11.811	13.608	30	66.139
101.60	40	15.748	18.144	40	88.185
127.00	50	19.685	22.680	50	110.231

kilometres (km)	km Or miles	miles	tonnes	tonnes or ton	tons
1.609	1	0.621	1.016	1	0.984
3.219	2	1.243	2.032	2	1.968
4.828	3	1.864	3.048	3	2.953
6.437	4	2.485	4.064	4	3.937
8.047	5	3.107	5.080	5	4.921
9.656	6	3.728	6.096	6	5.905
11.265	7	4.350	7.112	7	6.889
12.875	8	4.971	8.128	8	7.874
14.484	9	5.592	9.144	9	8.858
16.093	10	6.214	10.161	10	9.842
32.187	20	12.427	20.321	20	19.684
48.280	30	18.641	30.481	30	29.526
64.374	40	24.855	40.642	40	39.368
80.467	50	31.069	50.802	50	49.210

Area			Volume
Hectares(ha)	ha or acres	acres	Litres	litres or gallons	gallons
0.405	1	2.471	4.546	1	0.220
0.809	2	4.942	9.092	2	0.440
1.124	3	7.413	13.638	3	0.660
1.619	4	9.884	18.184	4	0.880
2.023	5	12.355	22.730	5	1.100
2.428	6	14.826	27.276	6	1.320
2.833	7	17.297	31.822	7	1.540
3.327	8	19.769	36.368	8	1.760
3.642	9	22.240	40.914	9	1.980
4.047	10	24.711	45.460	10	2.200
8.094	20	49.421	90.919	20	4.399
12.140	30	74.132	136.379	30	6.599
16.187	40	98.842	181.842	40	8.799
20.234	50	123.553	227.298	50	10.998

International Paper Sizes
A Size	mm	inches	A Sizes	mm	inches
AO	841 x 1189	331=46.8	A4	210 x 297	8.3 x 11.7
A1	594 x 841	23.4=33.1	A5	148 x 210	5.8 x 8.3
A2	420 x 594	16.5=234	A6	105 x 148	4.1 x 5.8
A3	297 x 420	11.7=16.5	A7	74 x 105	2.9 x 4.1

Weights and Measures
Length
1 millimetre (mm)		= 0.0394 in
1 metre (m)	= 1000 mm	= 1.0936 yds
1 kilometre (km)	= 1000 m	= 0.6214 mile
1 inch		= 25.400 mm
1 yard	= 36 inches	= 0.9144 m
1 mile	= 1.760 yards	= 1.6093 km
Surface or Area
1 sq metre (m2)	=10,000 cm2	= 1.1960 yds
1 hectare (ha)	=10,000 m2	= 2.4711 acres
1 sq km (km2)	=100 hectares	= 0.3861 sq mile
1 sq yard	=9 sq feet	= 0.8361 m1
1 acre	=4840 sq yards	= 4046.9 m1
Capacity
1 cu dm (dm3)	=1000 cm3	= 0.0351 cu ft
1 cu metre (m3)	=1000 dm3	= 1.3080 cu yds
1 litre (I)	=1 dm3	= 0.2200 gallon
1 cu yard	=27 cu feet	= 0.7646 m3
1 pint	=4 gills	= 0.5683 litre
1 gallon	= 8 pints	= 4.5461 litres
Weight
1 gramme (g)	=1000 mg	= 0.0353 oz
1 kilogramme (kg)	=1000 g	= 2.2046 lb
1 tonne(t)	=1000 kg	= 0.9842 ton
1 ounce	=437.5 grains	= 28.350 g
1 pound	=16 ounces	= 0.4536 kg
1 ton	=2240 pounds	1.0161 tonnes
US Liquid Measures Equivalents
1 pint (16 FL oz)	=0.8327 UK pt	= 0.4732 litres
1 gallon	=0.8327 UK gal	= 3.7853 litres

WORLD TIME CHART (12 Noon in (12 Noon in India)
COUNTRY	+/-	HOURS (IST)	COUNTRY	+/-	HOURS (IST)
Abu Dhabi (UAE)	-1½	10.30 AM	Karachi (Pakistan)	-½	11.30 AM
Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)	-2½	9.30 AM	Khartoum (Sudan)	-3½	8.30 AM
Alaska (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM	Kinston (Jamaica)	-10½	1.30 AM
Amsterdam (Netherlands)	-4½	7.30 AM	Kualaumpur (Malaysia)	+2½	2.30 PM
Antigua (West Indies)	-9½	2.30 AM	Kuwait	-2½	9.30 AM
Athens (Greece)	-3½	8.30 AM	Leningrad (Russia)	-3½	8.30 AM
Auckland (NewZealand)	+6½	6.30 PM	Lima (Peru)	-10½	1.30 AM
Bagdad (Iraq)	-2½	9.30 AM	London (England)	-5½	6.30 AM
Bahrain	-2½	9.30 AM	Los Angeles (USA)	-13½	10.30 PM
Bankok (Thailand)	+1½	1.30 PM	Lusaka (Zambia)	-3½	8.30 AM
Barbados (WestIndies)	-9½	2.30 AM	Madrid (Spain)	-4½	7.30 AM
Beirut (Lebanon)	-3½	8.30 AM	Mauritius	-1½	10.30 AM
Bermuda	-9½	2.30 AM	Melbourne (Australia)	+2½	2.30 PM
Blantyre (Malaw)	-3½	8.30 AM	Mexico City (Mexico)	-11½	12.30 AM
Bogota (Columbia)	-10½	1.30 AM	Miami (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM
Brisbane (Australia)	+2½	2.30 PM	Moscow (Russia)	+2½	9.30 AM
Brussels (Belgium)	-4½	7.30 AM	Montreal (Canada)	-9	3.00 AM
Budapest (Hungary)	-4½	7.30 AM	Mumbai (India)	-	12.00 Noon
Cairo (Egypt)	-3½	8.30 AM	Nairobi (Kenya)	-2½	9.30 AM
Calcutta (India)	-	12.00 Noon	Nassau (Bahamas)	-10½	1.30 AM
Caracas(Venezuela)	-9½	2.30 AM	New York (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM
Chicago (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM	Nicosia (Cyprus)	-3½	8.30 AM
Colombo(Sri Lanka)	-	12.00 Noon	Osaka (Japan)	+3½	3.30 PM
Copenhagen (Denmark)	-4½	7.30 AM	Oslo (Norway)	-4½	7.30 AM
Dacca (Bangladesh)	+½	12.30 PM	Panama City(Panama)	-10½	1.30 AM
Damascus (Syria)	-3½	8.30 AM	Paris (France)	-4½	7.30 AM
Darwin (Australia)	-2½	2.30 PM	Perth (Australia)	+2½	2.30 PM
Delhi (India)	-	12 Noon	Philadelphia (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM
Detroit (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM	Prague(Czechoslovakia)	-4½	7.30 AM
Dhahran (Saudi Arabia)	-2½	9.30 AM	Rangoon (Myanmar)	+1	1.00 PM
Doha(Qatar)	-2½	9.30 AM	Rome (Italy)	-4½	9.30 AM
Dubai (UAE)	-1½	10.30 AM	St. Lucia (West Indies)	-9½	2.30 AM
Entebbe (Uganda)	-2½	9.30 AM	Seychelles	-1½	10.30 AM
Freeport (Bahamas)	-10½	1.30 AM	Singapore	+2½	2.30 PM
Frankfurt (Germany)	-4½	7.30 AM	Stockholm (Sweden)	-4½	7.30 AM
Georgetown (Guyana)	-8½	3.30 AM	Suva (Fiji)	+6½	6.30 PM
Hong Kong	-2½	9.30 AM	Sidney (Australia)	+2½	2.30 PM
Honolulu (Hawai)	-15½	8.30 PM	Tokyo (Japan)	+3½	3.30 PM
Houston (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM	Toronto (Canada)	-9	3.00 AM
Istanbul (Turkey)	+2½	9.30 AM	Trinidad (West Indies)	-9½	2.30 AM
Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)	-2½	9.30 AM	Valetta (Malta)	-4½	7.30 AM
Jerusalem (Israel)	-3½	8.30 AM	Vienna (Austria)	-4½	7.30 AM
Johannesburg(South Africa)	-3½	8.30 AM	Washington (USA)	-10½	1.30 AM
Zurich Switzerland	-4½	7.30 AM

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